Understanding Restrictive Practices in the NDIS

Supporting individuals with disabilities through the National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS) comes with great responsibility—especially when it comes to ensuring their rights, dignity, and freedom are upheld. One key area that demands careful attention is the use of restrictive practices. These practices are highly regulated to protect vulnerable individuals from harm while ensuring any limitations placed on their freedom are justified, lawful, and ethically sound.

What Are Restrictive Practices?

Restrictive practices are actions or interventions that restrict the rights or freedom of movement of a person. In the context of disability support, these may include:

• Physical restraint – using physical force to limit movement

• Mechanical restraint – using devices to restrict a person’s movement

• Seclusion – isolating someone in a room or space they cannot leave

• Chemical restraint – administering medication to control behavior (not for a medical condition)

• Environmental restraint – restricting access to parts of the environment (e.g., locking doors or cupboards)

While the intent may sometimes be to prevent harm, the inappropriate or unlawful use of these practices can have long-term physical and psychological impacts.

Legal Framework in South Australia

In South Australia, restrictive practices are governed under the Disability Inclusion Act 2018 (SA) and aligned with the National Framework for Reducing and Eliminating the Use of Restrictive Practices. Key requirements include:

• Behavior Support Plans: Any use of a restrictive practice must be outlined in a Positive Behaviour Support Plan developed by an NDIS-registered behavior support practitioner.

• Authorisation Process: In SA, restrictive practices used in disability services must go through an authorisation process Restrictive practices system This ensures oversight and scrutiny before implementation.

• Data Reporting: Providers must report the use of restrictive practices to the NDIS Quality and Safeguards Commission, which monitors compliance and trends.

The focus is always on least restrictive options and promoting positive behavioural outcomes through proactive support strategies.

The Role of the NDIS Code of Conduct

The NDIS Code of Conduct sets clear expectations for all NDIS workers and providers. In relation to restrictive practices, it requires that:

1. Participants are treated with respect and dignity – avoiding unnecessary restrictions on their independence.

2. Workers act with integrity, honesty, and transparency – especially in difficult situations involving behaviour management.

3. Providers and workers take all reasonable steps to prevent harm – including avoiding unnecessary restrictive interventions.

Failure to follow these principles can lead to serious consequences, including disciplinary action, deregistration, or legal repercussions.

Best Practices for NDIS Providers and Workers

To support compliance and uphold participant rights, providers should:

• Invest in training for all staff on understanding, recognising, and avoiding restrictive practices.

• Regularly review support plans and update behaviour strategies based on participant progress.

• Work collaboratively with families, guardians, and allied health professionals to ensure practices are person-centred.

• Encourage reporting and reflection around incidents involving restrictive measures, ensuring a culture of continuous improvement.

Conclusion

Restrictive practices must only ever be a last resort, used in ways that are safe, egally authorised, and ethically justified. In South Australia, the legislation provides a strong framework to protect the rights of NDIS participants while ensuring that providers and workers are accountable. By focusing on positive behaviour support and following the NDIS Code of Conduct, we can create a care environment that upholds dignity, choice, and respect for every individual.

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